[Music] Thank You Sahara good morning everybody ladies and gentlemen I would like to speak today about premises and possibilities of reducing the use of minerals in Turkey nutrition as you all know Pollan is a leader in Europe in poultry meat production with above 3 million tonnes a year turkeys in Poland are also very popular and very important we set 40 about 45 million poles a year we produce roughly 550 thousand tons of meat it means this is a 19 percent of total poultry production in Poland therefore I would like to speak about turkeys the modern turkeys have genetic potential for very rapid growth body weight at 16 weeks is now twofold higher than in 70s but the fast growth and cane is associated with the leg weakness and skeletal disorders those the mineral content in poultry diet that increased in 90s the problem is that the dietary supply of supplemental minerals is often associated with the limited utilization and increased excretion according European Food Safety Authority all minerals but men mainly zinc and copper exceed the maximum permissible levels in 90% of turkey feet samples from 22 European countries one of the reason of of this increase is the mineral content of plant raw materials caused by environmental pollution excessive dietary supplementation with minerals can lead to the excess accumulation in tissues toxic effects on on cells and antagonistic interaction with other micro and macro elements disrupting their absorption and in consequence numerous metabolic reactions in this report we would like to summarize the results of studies investigating the biological effect of reducing the mineral content of Turkey diets let's start with mineral requirement of turkeys table one data show the mineral content of Turkey diet and in in the latest and the previous edition of nutrient requirement edited by by National Research Council you see are similar but comparing two with the with the addition from 60s the macro elements Condon decreased for for all the birds and in micro element increase for younger birds the recommendation of breeding companies are even higher but in case of and this is very important in case of micro elements the the companies recommend only the supplemented amounts not taking into account their those minerals coming with raw materials in Europe the recommendation of of those nutrients vary very widely from those figures given by German society of nutrition physiology to to much higher amounts given by Polish Academy of Science which were last year reduced in the latest edition of our recommendations now calcium and phosphorus those minerals are added to Turkey diets at the highest rates the recommendation of research centers and poultry breeding companies do not differ significantly but the problem is that the decrease in the pig content of diet provides environmental benefits in one of our experiment with male big6 turkeys lasted for 20 weeks we used the CA and P inclusion of 85 95 105 and 115 percent of NRC and we observed a significant increase in body weight in those followings group and we also observed some some negative effect of selected parameters of skeletal system in age of 4 and 8 weeks but only in the group where the reduction was the highest in the next experiment with big six turkeys also lasted for 20 weeks we reduced calcium and phosphorus by 10 and 15 percent then hybrid turkeys recommendation but we started with this reducing by 6 by week 7 and 10th we didn't observe any any differences in body weight between those those groups where the FCR was numerically lower compared control but the fit cost in the experimental group was two point two three percent lower versus control in the third experiment we took the best group from the previous experiment and created from this the control group and and reduced the calcium and phosphorus level starting from week 7 by 10 in each group but in this verse by 22.5 30 and even 40 in the last stage and as you see we didn't observe any differences in body weight and NFCR we observed the slightly better live ability in this particular group and we still observed numerically reduce in faith cost in the experimental groups concluding this part calcium and phosphorus content of diets fed to turkeys at seven weeks of age and older can be safety reduced relative to the levels recommended by hybrid turkeys and the major benefit of of this is a decrease up to a three point eight percent in the feed cost per life wait let's talk about sodium yeah we will know that the increased level of sodium leads to increased water consumption and those two higher liter moisture and this is associated with a footpath dermatitis which is a very big problem in turkeys and which is welfare factor in Europe in broiler the recommendation of breeding company the recommendation of sodium vary very widely from 0.8 een to 0.09 percent in our team we performed five experiments to determine the biological responses of turkeys to various dietary levels of sources of sodium and the results of those experiments were published in a review pilot in this review paper increasing the sodium content in the diet with with this increasing we observed minor changes in gastrointestinal tract in births but this contributed to development and severity of footpad dermatitis by moderate levels means 0.3 in TL o point 17 we observed improved tibia mineralization versus 0.2 and lower so dietary sodium levels can be lowered to appoint 33 12 over 10 at 1 4 5 8 9 12 weeks of age and in other words even at 0.09 percent and now I would like to speak about copper zinc and manganese according NRC recommendation copper content in diet should be by 6 to 8 milligram per kilogram feet but the recommended supplementation is from the company's is by 20 milligram per kilogram feet the copper supplied by feet ingredients range from 6 to 13 milligram per kilogram so we are now by total content of Turkey diets by even 33 milligram per kilogram and the problem is that the FS are recommended to the the limit by 25 milligram per kilogram according NRC the diet should be supplemented we're saying at 40 to 70 milligram zinc supplied by feet ingredient range from 40 to 50 milligram the total zinc content of diet that can can you reach 140 to 150 milligram per kilogram but XR reported that feed producer in most European countries at nearly 100 milligram per kilogram of final diet according NRC diet should be supplemented with manganese at 60 milligram per kilogram feet similarly to zinc the food producers at up to 120 milligrams 2 kilogram of the diet st results the manganese content in complete turkey diets exceed the limit of F sub I at stated at 150 milligram in our group we perform several studies and we reduced the amount of added nutrients by 50 and even 10 in 90 percent and we can conclude from or recommend from our research that the dietary supplementation with 10 milligram of copper 50 milligram of zinc and 50 milligram of manganese can be sufficient for achieving satisfactory performance of turkeys and can contribute to reducing trace minerals expression today coming to the to the conclusions the result of recent experiments indicate that the modern hybrid turkeys do not need high-dose supplementation with those minerals recommended by by the European poultry breeding companies and the current nutrient requirement and practical nutrition guidelines for fast growing turkeys should be revised and updated and with this I would like to thank you for your attention [Applause]