[Music] so maybe you can start with the first equation it's maybe you're quite a general questions but what are in the usage of a GP what are a GP benefits what are the issues of their withdrawals I may ask maybe to tail first to answer to that question I hope that connection with Laverne is still working okay well can you answer to the question benefits they promote growth and health and also what it did was to keep distance down so what we see is one of the issues of the word wrong is that we see indeed certain certain pathogens which benefits from inflammation in the intestine like for instance clostridia they are you know older mice and that is not a coincidence so it's rather important that we still use certain compounds which will able to dampen inflammation to also you know contain those pathogens and still this benefit wealth so Philippe on the same questions they use age of a GP and they have benefits and they will do loss we have with their withdrawal what is your feeling on that ok well the benefits were quite clear I think they improved animal performance so which means they improve body weight gain and also improved feed conversion and decreased physical version so it clearly had an economical advantage so that's of course by the actual reason why they worked is not really too clear I think but probably they at least a suppressed part of the gram-positive flora so that at least you had less subclinical infections also which contributes to the economic let specifically I'm thinking about go studio again but also you had well less interference with nutrient digestion small intestinal to exert more nutrients are available for the host in addition you of course anti-inflammatory effects may be also either directly by DHCP so may be indirectly by suppressing the microbiota this is not yet clear so the effects of withdrawing would be in principle well again animal performance becoming a little bit worse but of course you have quite some additives to restore that it's quite interesting in fact to look at both suspects my computer in the information but so maybe it was a question from the web what are the criteria to take into account to set up an efficient AGP free strategy I think it's quite relevant to the previous question so I will ask tail and I hope the Belgian connection is still working on that first question the availability of really efficient alternatives and that has been I think lastly the problem with the old theory the the working mechanism of ATP that was based the antimicrobial strategy and wouldn't surprise you that I know I gotta say it should be based on the anti inflammatories theory so use proponents which have a proven effects on inflammation and I think that's the way to form because don't use proven alternatives then are supposed to be tempted to go for the old compounds so to speak so feed the potential your potential answer on the potential crater yeah we should take into account to set up alternative program I think there are many well there are different things you have to consider their first of all I guess the overall management form is important meaning that biosecurity plan is crucial I guess I mean you have to make sure that the animal spends energy in not in combating potential infections so that's why biosecurity is so important you have to exclude potential pathogens keep them out of the flock of off the farm and also make sure that there's no spread within the form or between different flocks so biosecurity is one thing secondly of course there quite a lot of possibilities to let's say stabilize the gut microbiota or even stabilize the gut barrier at least with a lot of different feed additives that are available on the market of which some are quite quite helpful I guess in really making sure that the bacteria that are present in the gut or really these ones that have anti-inflammatory effects and stabilize the gut barrier so that in are quite some possibilities - well after a GP free [ __ ] okay thank you maybe another question from the from the web which is relevant to your boss presentation I would say see what biomass curls could we think about to appreciate your testing broilers and maybe your one even more for four - how can we detect good information in good programs presentation there is one in Broyles and that's a fecal or the executive O'Brien and a bio excreta and that's neo peteyrin that is indeed a right a rapid methods meaning you will have the results in one day very simple you could just take droppings from a pen for instance if you want to compare two treatments for one big when you pick the droppings in the other one and then compare them so you will get your values in a day which will enable you to for instance make adjustments in the composition of feeds or orders adding anti-inflammatory come out etc so I'm very optimistic Philippe I'm sure that you have maybe different interpretation from day one with potential biomarkers and I would say I insist on the fact talking about or so practical biomarkers that we can use in the field I think you have some you have quite a lot of potential possibilities for biomarkers for gut health and basically when you look at the gut I mean the gut barrier is important so that means that epithelial integrity is important at the epithelial cells need to be very closely connected to each other to avoid that you have toxins or feed compounds leaking into the mucosa and causing inflammation that's one thing and secondly also you have to have closed epithelial barrier to avoid that all kind of proteins are leaking into the gut and this would also be an energy loss so this gut barrier is maybe 0.1 you can have you can detect some of the proteins that make connections between the epithelial cells and if you have a lot of gut damage for example you can potentially detect these proteins it tight junction markers as its as it's called in the fecal material that's one thing secondly of course you have these inflammation markers meaning that in cases of severe inflammation in the gut you have a lot of immune cells that secrete a lot of different compounds and some of them are really some of these immune cells they are really transmigrating and they end up in the gut lumen so and also will end up in the fecal material and some of these proteins that are inside these immune cells such as neutrophils later of Phil's and chickens they are also security tear and it can be found in the fecal material that's the second thing thirdly of course you have potentially also some microbial markers because if you have an unfavorable microbiota composition in the gut you would of course also be able to detect that in fecal material this can be done by by by DNA techniques very simple DNA techniques just quantifying certain populations or ratios of populations so in fact the most crucial thing I guess is really to have an easy field test at the end what would mean that you will need some kind of an well test on fecal material Allies a test or something else that is easily detecting these different markers that's a thing crucial we can't have some well test that we take a fecal sample we submitted to a laboratory and then I have to wait for two weeks before we ever reply it should be something that is very fast reliable standardized that's what we need to develop I think it's not really the case yet also because many of the many of the tests being developed for example for humans they are not valid in chickens because well chicken the same protein homologs for example so a bit different animal you can apply that to pigs maybe but not to chicken so we are still struggling a bit with that but in the future it will be developed confident how do you think it's possible to have this type of biomarkers ready to use in poultry production and only quite a rapid economic basis the type of biomarkers how far from now I think some people are working out we are also working on it in our university I think it would be possible to have this kind of things within the next few years and they're ready to put a number on it maybe something like well 2 to 3 years if you're lucky and if you're unlucky ill something like five or six years it depends a bit how lucky we are with detecting potential biomarkers and identifying the good ones that's always a little bit of risk I think because it doesn't only have to work in the laboratory it is the most difficult thing Thank You Philip maybe another question from the web may be a tricky question should we look for more museum production or less for better hotels and I'm sure maybe looking at information we can ask to consumer feels to that question do you I'm afraid I don't have an answer to that I don't see the direct connection in musing and just health so I'm not the person yeah good maybe maybe if you leave you can react on that on the machine aspects you know we have Molina I don't think I know the exact answer music production is obviously also sometimes increased music production is also sometimes a consequence of a certain insult pathogenic insults for example coccidia they increase using production if you have an immediate infection coccidiosis for example and death is then may be linked to the fact that you know if you look at microbiota some of them can use mucins can live in the mucus one of the example of a pathogenic bacterium that can do that is Castilian perfringens it likes to eat mucins and for example that's probably the reason why if you have coccidiosis an increased music production that you have some kind of a predisposing environment or necrotic and to write this predisposing environment for the induction of necrotic and try this by clostridial so that's one thing of course you also have other bacterial species that can consume mucus and also some of these are quite interesting some of these produce high quantities of battery acid you have some examples akan mancilla is one of them but these ones are very beneficial because we as a host or chicken as a host provide them with certain substrate nuisance which enables these bacteria to live very closely in contact with the epithelial cells and they provide us with virtue rate which is a very anti-inflammatory molecule which strengthens the epithelial barrier etc which has very positive effect so it depends a bit on the situation I think in it depends which microbiota is present in the gut but in fact if you think about it it's a it's a very very interesting system in which we as host give some kind of a feed to some bacteria that we need for an optimal gutter fitness fits it's amazingly interesting to consider that not complete for the nutrition in stores I think maybe a last question from the from the web ah what about lameness can't get as promoting compounds to be used to control emerging disease I'm sure that when we talk about lameness it's more what we heard yesterday about the contingent the conference about the translocation of bacteria from the intestinal area choose the rest of the body you know in respiratory tract in joints and so on and people are concerned more and more now on how your tails can improve or reduce this type of a translocation of bacteria it may be directly from villi that's that's a good point I think this is in fact an emerging problem in the broader industry lameness and if you look at these conditions then if you look at well for example one of the conditions is back to you electronic roses with osteomyelitis yourself spondylitis so different problems with bacteria that translocate from the gut to the bloodstream and then for some reason that shock colonize specific places in the body such as it joints these bacteria if you isolate them from these specific places they are mostly they re coli or enterococci and the center of conquer species there they typically Enterococcus echo room which is one of the interior you very often find there but these bacteria they all just got inhabitants so that means that they originate from the gut I'm probably the single permeability or this epithelial barrier strength is really key also in this kind of disorder so when you don't have an properly functioning gut and you don't have a good good epithelial resistance or you know high permeability this cannot translocate and end up at these specific locations which means that for example with some with interfering in the gut with probiotics or other compounds that stabilize the gut barrier or modify they got my protein composition to a favorable one that you can also well control diseases outside of the gut that's also fairly interesting that well bacterial signals in fact that you can steer with feet or feed additives can be altered so that certain syndromes or conditions or diseases outside of the gut can be can be controlled that's also fairly interesting concept so it's interesting to see how girls can influence in fact zouk Romanovs anymore so we should not separate those things I would say and really consider the health as a global issue for the animal predictions so I think we have much more question but we will let me be a the ants were coming on the web after and you will receive questions that we could not on square this afternoon Philippe and nto and hope you will be able to answer to our participants and before to say bye-bye to everyone I should not stop here in the Samba before closing the seminar without wishing all of you Merry Christmas and Happy New Year and hope to see you all in 2017 [Music]