oh well good morning everybody for organizing committee thank you very much for inviting me and for the chairman Dr chart it's asides such a nice introduction of me I would like to share a little bit of what Experian I'm coming from Indonesia so most most of the data most of the information that I will be presenting here is reflecting in Indonesia and then in the what is that in the country where you know near by the equator all right so this is a very hot topic we are talking hot climate and we are talking hot topic Pierre Andrus right we are now in the Continental where the production of the broiler production increased very big for example here the last three ticket here from 90 to 90 2010 Asia are producing almost 23 till 23 million tons of broiler okay this is the biggest as far as the quantity the number one number two it's a sheer bed not merica and South America okay in terms of the crow trade Asia is among two of the highest growth rate of broiler production remember 60% about four point four billion population of the world is in Asia so I'm expecting the next 10 20 years the growth rate of the production rate of the broiler is very fast especially in Asia so we are at the right business in Asia okay so most of the major limitation when we grow broiler especially in the hot area or in the developing country have three major problem one problem is the scarcity of the raw material for example some of the Southeast Asia a country here we don't produce any soybean we produce only 60% in case of Indonesia we produce only 60% of the total requirement of the corn so we really depend heavily on the imported from material number two and number three of course this is a close together the capital is limited ok I will show you what I mean by the capital limitation and then the second thing this is our topic here it is about the climate the limitation of the climate so number two and number three a related very crew of clothes way all right ok this is a typical broiler houses in Indonesia and plip in some part of Asian country so we have a three difference house area and a host type for example this one this is basically you reach the floor and then this one is a open what is open house this one the floor is raised well this one is in the floor and if you have the capital here you could totally closed closed closed the house even this in this picture we have a triple attacker of the floor so basically this one is the air speed the temperature and things like that is well controlled but unfortunately in Indonesia this number one and number two type of the house they are so many of them so many of them they are contributing quite a bit of the total product production in Indonesia the difference between these two is that you know this one with the raised floor the floor is with the either bamboo or wooden so and then you said it about 2 centimeters apart so the difference between these two is that here you have an extra ventilation other than from from the side put side of the house you have a ventilation in from from the floor and also that's the fecal material and also the the litter is is in the floor so they're separating very well but this one you know the fecal raw material is mixed together here the third type is just like you see in the developed country you know the environment and also the temperature is well control alright this is the third limitation that we have that we are going to discuss whole day with this this is a very interesting I took this profile of heat in the actual of one of my trial farm we're still I put a half of the fan is still on but the miss is off let's just disregard of the this picture of the first ten days because this is a brooding fruiting period just look at you know after the ten days yes the humidity and here are the temperature the a couple of things that I want to pick up here one when we grow boiler in open house it's almost all the time the rest of their life they are at the humidity level of ninety percent so in that case I really have a question you know whether or not this / - have a effective way to do a painting to get rid the heat because it's so saturated now that the number two is the temperature itself if we consider the temperature is above 24 is a BAFTA toward a denote the neutral zone so means the rest the whole whole whole life of the of the broiler is raised above 24 degrees number three the difference between minimum and maximum in twenty four days is very huge sometimes it's reads 10 degrees 10 degrees okay number four which is very important for me that you know once in awhile in that day we see hit spike what I mean by heat spike is the the time that that the day the temperature today is higher compared to the temperature before some time it could lead to degrees so here we are we have a very high humidity very high temperature and the temperature fluctuate very very much about 10 degrees and then you have a heat spike while I keep saying we hit spike I will show you what we see in our trial so it's again in this case we still put the put the half of the fan is on imagine the profile will be totally different with every shot on everything all right so in our experimental firm we have three different three different style of housing the three out of our eight broiler houses which all have a similar time engine so we have the risk the sorry this is the close house you know it's totally you know you put a cooling pad in front and then exhaust in the in the back so you control the wind speed you control the temperature nicely the number two this is the raised floor you know you see the slide still here and then this is totally the open house but it's floor so in terms of heat stress going to this direction the heat stress is harder so we collected our data during last two and half years of these three houses and then we plotted the body with the body with again the FCR all right if you see if we if you see in the first slide here this is the closed house it's represented with the blue here what do you advise you know some of the some of the group could reach 2.7 kilos this is 35 days mix X 35 day mix X we could push the bird until 2.7 some time is 2.75 kilo however when we move to this house you know the highest I could get is only 2.4 2.5 years this is the this is represented with the yellow dot okay and then the worst one is the open house open sided house with the floor the highest I could get is only 2.4 there you are I have shifted I have a shifted pot you it as you know as the heat stress is getting worse similarly if we see the FCR here you know we see a retraction of FCR so basically what I'm trying to say is that I'm not comparing this because this is not really trial I'm just collecting some the data that are available so we are talking about 150 grams here 150 grams of protein weight loss about 3 to 4 point of FC are because of this you know this heat stress next is all right we also have the same design for our layer house where we have a open sided house with of course you know where fan and also miss and then compared to the closed house we did an experiment this is a different experiment different type of experiment so I am not I'm not trying to compare between cross horse and an open house I'm just collecting these two experiment together and just I put it side-by-side the the design of the experiment is 3 by 3 factorial where I use 3 level of energy and 3 level of digestible amino acid and then I just average down the number I put it side-by-side this is the FinTech as we expected you know the layer kept in the open houses will eat less 2 grams and then here the Henry production somehow when we kept the layer in the open house they'll a little bit more egg remember I'm just I'm still putting a van and also a Miss in this house so actually this is a real the effect of tropical hits less looking at the egg wave we have about 2 grams less of a quid when we kept the bird in the open house at less we have lower about lower 1.4 to 1.5 kg of egg mass per day when we kept the bird at the open house looking at you know the energy intake it's not much different to me as well as the digestible lysine intake you know it's very close so this is the first production period which is about 330 weeks so we break up the data for ten weeks and then we see what happened during the ten weeks in terms of handy production it turned out to be that the first ten days were still a the laying rate is still the same but however on the second ten weeks and the third ten weeks they said start separating however if we see the equate it start from the beginning that the egg weight is lower in the bird in the layer that we kept under the open houses when I do the calculation for the meta police able intake and also touches the belly intake at this three period comparing between open and closed here we could see that you know the energy retained whatever you call it as well as the digestible lysine retain per per gram equity is always higher in the egg laid by the layer that we kept in the in the open house also I did not present the data here the two grams less of the egg with is it cannot be recovered bed by what is it by the increasing level of density of the amino acid so what I'm trying to say if increase the density amino acid they still you know in the 58 grams level so means it seemed that you know the heat stress layer do not respond very well with additional amino acid remember this right okay it's again I have a horn usually I put 12 but this time I put six but no miss no miss I took this data we are from the actual trial where we try to use a certain fit additive to alleviate the hit stress level okay well see what it looked like when I superimpose this data with daily mortality the red one here is the daily mortality here you know at the 26 or 27 days where you know the party weight is about 1.6 or 1.5 kilo we see a spike of mortality in this day it's about 3% and then down again and then we see another spike here thirty two days and then another one is followed by thirty seven days and when we should superimpose with all of this spike you know they are right you know on top of each other it is not because of the humidity because the humidity is relative constant during this day I'm not saying this is a relationship cause and an effect no but when I look at the bird the nature of the dead bird they are indicative of certain death syndrome or flip-over syndrome so this is it the heat spike also occurred during the early period but I don't see any increase in mortality so it must it has to be it has to do with the body weight you see when you reach more than one point five one point seven six kilo dents do you know that heat spike is very very effective to kill the bird I try to summarize what we do know about the heat stress bird but I'm sure the next speaker will go a little more deeper about about this are just classified with this three group so in terms of amino acid utilization this is what we know that the that the heat stress part has a pure digestibility of amino acid however the recent publication indicating that you know there is no differences in apparent ileal digestibility of amino acid from the heat Strasberg reduction of amino acid transporter in the pectoralis major and also in ileum and increase the retain amino acid Perkin with especially we see in this particular publication we see very very high of retained system we to see a return a retraction of as arginine uptick increase real lysine requirement in the female broiler and heat stress so there you are we have a sex effect reduce the respond to lysine supplementation it's just like what we see in the lair that I show you a couple slides ago so here like what appear under threat because you know you have a decrease in protein synthesis while the protein catabolism is very high followed by increased of lipogenesis and also decrease in lipolysis you have a plasmid you know where the protein content and the fat content is changing your show so the heat stress affect the protein the meat quality that's for sure basically what we see here is that the heat stress seem to affect of the amino acid utilization is starting from digestion absorption and synthesis of break down number two this is the immune function so the three most major organ of the immune response times process spleen the relative with is reduce circulating IgM itts reduce the than the number of the number of HEA IgA secreting cell in the epithelium has also reduced the most striking here also that's the ferritin peritoneum macrophages activity is reduced and then it's almost always that we will see the ratio of heterophile and lymphocyte is also reduce what is that mean the heat transferred experience suppressive immunosuppressive thought of the humoral and cell mediated immunity next this is gut integrity I'm sure you know professor to Carter will talk about this so we see that you know the heat stress will change the intestinal morphological morphology and usually you know we almost always we see the reduction of feeling high induce an intestinal injury as well as increase the permit permeability changes in microbial by your microbial profile in the handguard so that's why sometimes we see a report that you know putting lactobacillus up opting a bacillus subtilis improve the his stress performance and here yeah Adam this is the the worse its facilitate bacterial translocation from the lumen to systemic system to the systemic and then like what Pierre and they said all of the picture is getting uglier why because at certain country in my country they already depend the ATP they not only paint the HCP they are start controlling the uses of antic oxy let's make the picture getting very ugly very ugly I have the picture here is ugly picture but somehow I decided to delete it I did I just delete it you know in the morning alright this is something that I thought maybe it will be followed up it will be discussed by a next speaker one to the heat stress portney different amount of need different profile of amino acid if the cysteine written written cysteine is higher in the heat stress per and we know that the his stress birth experience I'll love oxidative hits rest thus it has to do it to the Dyan ratio of lysine to arginine this is contradictory effects some people said yes there is a good for the hits rest but some of them said no there is no evidence of there and then for free onion Michael Kent will focus on this you know training is first it's a first limiting amino acid from using production remember correct dr. Kate yes and we know that the first defense in the cut is the music okay it's another one some of us doing the formulation and they are make what he said you determined the ma level and also the amino acid level is independently so my question of what the heat stress is that necessarily to express the amino acid per 1 mega kilo calorie sorry now if you look at the toilet formula the number of the nitrogen from the excess of of amino acid is very high so can we reduce the non-essential amino acid just to do simply to reduce the heat load by using more synthetic amino acid exogenous enzyme mingun we'll focus on that and then also the trace mineral dietary electrode Pelin is it amid or will it work will it be working effectively in in the heat Strasberg the last one I'll just skip this the terminal conditioning I think the next speaker will focus on that if this work this would be the best efficient cost wise way you know to to to to improve the hips last but all right I'll just skip this this is by all of the you know my visitor in my my research fun thank you [Applause] thank you dr. Palma I think this was a wonderful way of setting the scene and pointing to the very critical points which are being addressed today it was it was really the right way I think to to put put everything in perspective and now when I'm just looking at the screen to look at the first questions because they will be definitely addressed to to somebody who has a lot of personal experience in the field like you are so if we read through the questions the first one is we always mentioned temperature but we often forget to address the relative humidity load but I think you really stressed on that day because there's a direct relation there but the relative humidity load is definitely very important could you comment on this a little bit further all right I just like what I show in one of the one of the slide that when you deal tropical heat stress you are not talking about only temperature you have more than 90 degrees of relative humidity if so I really doubt it if the chicken will be more effective to get a rate or to dissipate the heat load through the painting basically you shut that off depending how hard how big it is I don't know I don't know when you combine together and you know I don't know it going to be exponential Rita and you know a severity or what you know maybe the next speaker could you know elaborate more maybe you can address one more question which is the like the million-dollar question I suppose in your personal experience in practical life what should we do to reduce his stress well of the house if you cannot you cannot afford to close the house risk the flaw if you cannot risk the floor move them move the firm to the 700 above sea level reduce the density if you have the electricity you put the vent if you don't cannot help there is always because because of this and I feel bad because we are trying to make a cheap ploy ler but on the other side I make my prior cause is more expensive use dietary electrolyte balance I do personally believe it will help that's the cheapest way replace the of sodium chloride with sodium bicarbonate and watch out for your chloride thank you very much I think that was very very important thank you dr. purnama thank you [Music]